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Dakosaurus
''Dakosaurus'' is an extinct genus within the family Metriorhynchidae that lived during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. It was large, with teeth that were serrated and compressed lateromedially (flattened from side to side). The genus was established by Friedrich August von Quenstedt in 1856 for an isolated tooth named ''Geosaurus maximus'' by Plieninger. ''Dakosaurus'' was a carnivore that spent much, if not all, its life out at sea. The extent of its adaptation to a marine lifestyle means that it is most likely that it mated at sea, but since no eggs or nests have been discovered that have been referred to ''Dakosaurus'', whether it gave birth to live young at sea like dolphins and ichthyosaurs or came ashore like turtles is not known. The name ''Dakosaurus'' means "biter lizard", and is derived from the Greek ''dakos'' ("biter") and -''sauros'' ("lizard").
== Discovery and species ==
When isolated ''Dakosaurus'' teeth were first discovered in Germany, they were mistaken for belonging to the theropod dinosaur ''Megalosaurus''.〔Quenstedt FA. 1843. ''Das Flötzgebirge Württembergs: mit besonderer rücksicht auf den Jura''. Tübingen: Laupp, 493.〕 In 1856 von Quenstedt made Plieninger's ''Geosaurus maximus'' teeth a new genus with the name ''Dakosaurus''. He explained the etymology as Greek ''dakos'' "Biss" () in 1858 in German, adding "denn wenige kommen seinem furchtbaren Gebiss gleich” (few can match its terrible set of teeth ). 〔Quenstedt FA. 1858. ''Der Jura''. Tübingen: Laupp, 842 pp.(pgs. 785-786)〕 He gave the meaning of Greek ''dakos'' more correctly as "Beisser" () in another description in 1859 in which he classified ''Dakosaurus'' as a dinosaur. 〔Quenstedt FA. 1859. ''Handbuch der Petrefaktenkunde''. Tübingen: Laupp, 1239 pp.〕
Fossil specimens referrable to ''Dakosaurus'' are known from Late Jurassic deposits from England, France, Switzerland, Germany,〔Steel R. 1973. Crocodylia. ''Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie, Teil 16''. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag,116 pp.〕 Poland,〔Radwańska U, Radwański A. 2003. The Jurassic crinoid genus ''Cyclocrinus'' D’Orbigny, 1850: still an enigma. ''Acta Geologica Polonica'' 53 (2003),(4): 301-320.〕 Russia,〔Ochev VG. 1981. (crocodiles in the Mesozoic of Povolzh'e ) ''Priroda'' 1981: 103〕 Argentina,〔Vignaud P, Gasparini ZB. 1996. New ''Dakosaurus'' (Crocodylomorpha, Thalattosuchia) from the Upper Jurassic of Argentina. ''Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, 2'' 322: 245-250.〕 and Mexico.〔Buchy M-C, Stinnesbeck W, Frey E, Gonzalez AHG. 2007. First occurrence of the genus ''Dakosaurus'' (Crocodyliformes, Thalattosuchia) in the Late Jurassic of Mexico. ''Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France'' 178 (5): 391-397.〕 Teeth referrable to ''Dakosaurus'' are known from Europe from the Oxfordian.〔BM(NH), Trustees of the. 1983. ''British Mesozoic Fossils, sixth edition''. London: Butler & Tanner Ltd, 209 pp.〕〔Benton MJ, Spencer PS. 1995. ''Fossil Reptiles of Great Britain''. London: Chapman and Hall, 386 pp.〕
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